The most frequently used formatting codes are those that affect straight numbers. Excel provides many of them, as shown here:
| Symbol | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| General | Uses the general display format. | |
| # | Indicates a single-digit position. The digit is only displayed if there is a digit in that position. | |
| 0 | Indicates a single-digit position. If there is no digit in the position, a 0 is displayed. | |
| ? | Same as the 0 symbol, except results in a space being displayed for insignificant 0s on either side of the decimal point. | |
| . (period) | The decimal point. | |
| % | Percentage. The number is multiplied by 100 (for the display) and the % sign is added. | |
| , (comma) | Thousands separator (if surrounded by digit place holders) or a thousands scalar (if the comma follows all the place holders). | |
| E- E+ e- e+ | Displays in scientific format. | |
| $ - + / ( ) : space | Displays that character | |
| \ | Forces display of the following character | |
| * | Repeats the next character to fill out the column width. | |
| _ (underscore) | Leaves a space the width of the following character. | |
| "text" | Displays the text within the quotes. | |
| @ | Text place holder. |
To understand better what these codes do, take a look at the information in the following table, which shows several common formats and how they affect numbers.
| Category | Format | Value | Displayed As | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | #,##0.00 | .01 | 0.01 | |||
| .1 | 0.10 | |||||
| 1234 | 1,234.00 | |||||
| -5678 | -5,678.00 | |||||
| Percentage | 0.00% | .01 | 1.00% | |||
| .1 | 10.00% | |||||
| 1.234 | 123.40% | |||||
| -5.678 | -567.80% | |||||
| Scientific | 0.00E+00 | .01 | 1.00E-02 | |||
| .1 | 1.00E-01 | |||||
| 1234 | 1.23E+03 | |||||
| -5678 | -5.68E+03 | |||||
| Currency | $#,##0.00_);[Red]($#,##0.00) | .01 | $0.01 | |||
| .1 | $0.10 | |||||
| 1234 | $1,234.00 | |||||
| -5678 | ($5,678.00) |
No matter which format is used to display numbers, the actual accuracy of the number is not affected. Thus, if a number is displayed using two decimal places, it is still maintained internally to 15 decimal places. All calculations are performed using the more accurate internal representation.
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