Extracting File Names from a Path

Barry has a worksheet in which a column contains many file paths. He would like a way to extract just the filename (the part to the right of the final backslash) from each path. He wonders if there is a quick way to do this without using Text to Columns feature.

There are several different ways, depending on whether you want to use a macro or not.

If your filenames are all the same length, then you can simply use the RIGHT function to pull out the last characters. (This formula assumes the full path and file name is in cell A1.)

=RIGHT(A1,11)

This assumes that the filename is always 11 characters long, such as "text001.txt". If the filename is a different length in each instance, then this approach won't work. Instead, you can try this formula:

=MID(A1,FIND(CHAR(1),SUBSTITUTE(A1,"\",CHAR(1),
LEN(A1)-LEN(SUBSTITUTE(A1,"\",""))))+1,LEN(A1))

Note that the formula uses the SUBSTITUTE function twice. In each case it replaces the backslashes (\) with something else. The first time it replaces all of them with an ASCII value of 1 and the second it replaces them with nothing (an empty string) so that it can determine how many backslashes were in the original path. The MID function is used to locate (with the help of FIND and the SUBSTITUTE functions) the location of the last backslash in the path and return everything after that point.

A shorter formula can be used if you are sure that the filename will never be more than 99 characters long:

=TRIM(RIGHT(SUBSTITUTE(A2,"\",REPT(" ",100)),99))

This formula replaces all the backslashes with 100 spaces, grabs the right-most 99 characters from the resulting string (that would be the filename with a bunch of spaces in front of it) and then trims off all the spaces.

If you want to use a macro you can create one that steps backward through the path until it locates the last backslash. It then returns everything after the backslash. The following example starts in cell B1, examining everything to the right of the cell (cell A1) and then starts pulling out file names. It steps through all the cells in column A and puts the file name, if any, in column B.

Sub GetFileName1()
    Dim Delimiter As String
    Dim Target As String
    Dim sFile As String
    Dim J As Integer
    Dim iDataLen As Integer

    Delimiter = "\"
    Range("B1").Select
    Do While ActiveCell.Offset(0, -1).Value <> ""
        Target = ActiveCell.Offset(0, -1).Value
        iDataLen = Len(Target)
        sFile = "Delimiter Not Found"
        For J = iDataLen To 2 Step -1
            If Mid(Target, J, 1) = Delimiter Then
                sFile = Right(Target, iDataLen - J)
                Exit For
            End If
        Next J
        ActiveCell.Formula = sFile
        ActiveCell.Offset(1, 0).Select
    Loop
End Sub

You could also use a much shorter version of a macro, provided you can use the Split function. This function was introduced in the version of VBA provided with Excel 2000, and it will pull a string apart based upon a delimiter you specify and stuff the parts into an array. This example shows the solution implemented as a user-defined function.

Function GetFileName2(File_Path) As String
    Dim Parts

    Parts = Split(File_Path, Application.PathSeparator)
    GetFileName2 = Parts(UBound(Parts))
End Function

In this usage the Split function uses as a delimiter whatever path separator is appropriate for the system on which Excel is running. The last element of the resulting array (determined with the UBound function) contains the portion of the original path that is to the right of the last path separator—the file name. To use the function, put a formula like this in a cell:

=GetFileName2(A1)